‘Ghastly expensive mess’: bond vigilantes return as deficits rise

Governments face surge in cost of borrowing fuelled by high interest rates and conflict in Middle EastThey punish governments that dare to deviate from financial orthodoxy. They strike fear into the hearts of finance ministers. They were seemingly a dying breed in the years between the crash of the late 2000s and the 2020 Covid-19 pandemic, but now the bond market vigilantes are heading back into town.There was a time, not so long ago, when governments were able to borrow as much as they wanted at rock-bottom rates. For almost three years, investors paid for the privilege of lending the German government money because bond yields were below zero.